MIGRATION OF TURKIC TRIBES FROM CENTRAL ASIA

Central Asian Turkic migrations occurred due to economic, political and climatic reasons.In addition, there were migrations due to raids made for the spread of Islam and massacres close to genocide

After the Decimation of the Asian Hunnic State, the Huns settled first around the Aral Lake, then between the Ural and Volga rivers IV. In the middle of the century, they began to migrate westward again.

In 54 BC, some of the Huns had moved to the west with the Chi-chi Khan and settled in the Turkestan region. In 48 AD, the Great Hun State was divided into two parts, the Northern and Southern Hun states. The Northern Hun State had collapsed around 150 AD. The Northern Huns, whose lands had been occupied, had migrated west again. They settled in the east of the Aral Lake and southern Kazakhstan, where the Huns who came to the west with the Chi-chi were located. These Turks, who mixed and fused with other Turkish tribes in the region, were the descendants of the Asian Huns. They multiplied over time and increased their power. IV. in the XIX century, they seized the lands of those who lived between the Aral Lake and the Caspian sea. Dec.

We do not know the exact reason why the Huns left their homeland and migrated to the west. However, we are following the old periods of Turkish history from the sources in the neighboring countries. These sources are Chinese in the east, and Greek and Roman sources in the west. Since the Huns who migrated to the west moved away from China, there are no records about them in Chinese sources. Again, the Huns did not have relations with Byzantium and Rome during this period. Therefore, there is no information about the Huns in their sources. Western sources mention the Huns from the year 374. We know that the Central Asian Turkish Migrations can be summarized as follows: We can say that the migrations are closely related to economic, political and population growth.

Reasons for the Migration of Turks from Central Asia:

Adverse changes in climate and vegetation cover (drought, reduction of pastures and pastures, narrowing of agricultural areas),

Epidemic animal diseases,

The struggle for dominance between the Decimals,

Rapid population growth,

External pressures (the idea of independence),

It is the idea of world domination.With the idea of this View, they crossed the Bering Strait and came to the American continents, that is, the Turks were the first to discover this continent, those who live there are our blood brothers specer well

Those who went to the East; the Far East and China, those who went to the West; Anatolia, Europe, Mesopotamia, Syria and Egypt, those who went to the north; Siberia to the interior, those who went to the South; India, Afghanistan and Iran.

The Huns; Under the leadership of Balamir, they began to move westward from the Volga (374). At that time, tribes of Germanic (Germanic) origin were living in places from the Northern Black Sea to Hungary. These were the Ostrogoths (East Goths), the Visigoths (West Goths), the Vandals and the Gepids. There were also Iranian and Slavic tribes.

The Huns first dispersed the Ostrogoths (374). They then defeated the Visigoths and entered their territory. This Hun influx, extending from east to west, displaced many peoples. These tribes, who went to the west, turned the lands of the Roman Empire upside down. From the northern Black Sea to Spain, all sides were affected by the Hun influx. This great event that changed the ethnic geography of Europe was called the Migration of Tribes in history (375).

The Migration of tribes constituted one of the turning points in European history. They had an impact on Europe in the ethnic, political, social, military and artistic fields.

Europe remained in turmoil for a long time with the invasion of the Germanic (Germanic) tribes. The Germanic (Germanic) tribes who fled before the Huns fused with each other in the places they went. They formed new communities. Thus, by changing the ethnic face of Europe, the foundation of today's Europe was laid.

The migration of tribes also shook the Roman Empire from its foundation. The Roman Empire, which remained in confusion for a long time, was divided into two (395).

According to some researchers, the end of the First Age was the beginning of the Middle Ages and the event that accelerated the fall of Western Rome was the Migration of Tribes.

Through war or friendship, the Huns established various relationships with European societies. As a result, they influenced Europe in the field of culture. Europe was impressed by the equipment and combat tactics of the Hun armies. The Hun influence in Europe continued throughout the entire Middle Ages.

The migration of tribes also influenced Turkish history. The Western route opened by the Huns with their migration to Europe was also used by the Turks who came after them. The Turks who left their homeland established states with various names in Europe.

As a Result of Migrations: Migrations have had economic, social and cultural consequences.

-Most of the emigrants have lost their national identity among the people of the region they are going to.

-The fusion of different cultures has been effective in the formation of new civilizations.

-Thanks to their organizational characteristics, the Turks have established strong states in the places they migrated to.

-The emigrants took a higher civilization to the regions they went to. For example, mineral processing has spread to the world with Central Asian migrations.

-The Turks have been exemplary in terms of state administration and military organization in the places they have gone.

-The Turks who went to the West caused the Migration of Tribes.

-As a result of migrations, it has become difficult to study Turkish History as a whole.

-Turkish communities that did not migrate from Central Asia have continued their lives in various regions of Central Asia.

-The central structure could not be strengthened (there was an organization in the form of a boyar federation.),

-Architecture and urbanism have not emerged,

-The economy is based on animal husbandry,

-Art is made on portable items and animal figures. In addition, tent art has developed.

-Written life started late, oral literature and oral law (töre) developed instead.

-Prison sentences have been short-term.

-The society has been solidarity-oriented and there has been no privileged class understanding. In other words, slavery was not observed by dividing society into classes.

-The understanding of private property has not developed.

-It ensured the development of a steppe culture in which horses and sheep were active.

The military structure has developed.

Warning: The factor that facilitates migrations is the domestication of the horse and the use of the wheel.

The first regions affected by the migration wave were the Front Asia and China.

Since writing is not used, it is difficult to obtain exact information about Turkish migrations.