MURAD ADJI

March December 9, 1944, Moscow - March 7, 2018[1] Murad Eskenderovich Adjiev (since 1994 he uses the name “Murad Adji”) was a Soviet and Russian scientist, turkologist, researcher, writer. He is the author of the thesis on the Migration of Great Tribes starting from Altai, the homeland of the ancient Turks. A geographer, he has a doctorate in economics. Associate Professor[2]. He is of Kumuk descent.

Scientific Activities

in 1964, he began his education at the Department of Northern Studies of the Faculty of Geography of Moscow State University[3]. he graduated from Moscow State University in 1969[4].[3] He served on the Board of Production Resources of the State Planning Organization of the Soviet Union.[5] Within the scope of the Doctoral Program that he started for the purpose of researching the new northern regions of the country[3], he conducted an examination on the production resources and usage areas[6]. During his doctoral studies, he worked as a driller in gold mining deposits in Saha[7]. Later, due to his work, he made repeated trips to the North and Siberia[8]. in 1973, he defended his Doctoral Dissertation ”Modeling and Optimization of the Development Process of the Northeast Industry Based on the Construction Industry of the Soviet Union"[9]. His doctoral Thesis advisor is Professor V. F. It is Burhanov[3].

After his doctorate, he worked in the State Planning Department at the Ministry of Metallurgy of the Soviet Union. He investigated the geographical and economic issues of the discovery of Siberia, was interested in the social processes of its reconstruction[3]. since 1975, he has been teaching Economic Geography at the Open Educational Institute of Finance and Economics of the USSR for about 15 years[2]. In addition to his educational activities, he also continued his scientific research: he took part in the Research of the northern region of the country, as well as Siberia and the Far East. The discovery of Siberia, the construction of the Baikal-Amur Railway, the publications of Siberia on regional production structures and energy-saving technologies belong to this period[10][11]. XXIII in 1976. He participated in the International Geographical Congress[12]. the work of Adjiev in the 1970s, the doyen of the Soviet Northern Studies, the famous scientist G. A. It has attracted the attention of Agranat. In his monograph “The Fact and Possibilities of Northern Research: A Global Experience”, Agranat noted for the first time that Adjiev's ideas about the use of the Northern borders as a synthesis indicator of the total energy consumption of people living in this region and its production were very interesting “in 1976. As noted by Agranat, unfortunately, this proposal has not been completed enough to reach the implementation stage[3][13][14].

Adjiev's works, which contributed to the research of the discovery of new territories, belong to the scientific school of the 1970s-80s[15]. in the declaration on Soviet and Eastern European Studies (USA) prepared for the National Assembly in 1982, Adjiev's publications were included in the bibliographic list for research on the contemporary economic development of Siberia and the Far East[16]. 2, which is also a requirement for many Doctoral Dissertations and Professorship titles today. References to Adjiev's work are made in his doctoral theses[17][18][19]. Adjiev is considered one of the economists who considered the construction of the Baikal-Amur Railway Outline (BAM) not only as the source of mitigating the “density of the Zabaykalskiy Autonomous District and the railway network in the Far Eastern region of Russia, but also as the main condition for the discovery and acquisition of mineral deposits planned for the Southern Sakha and Northern Baikal[20].

In addition to his scientific activities, he worked in the leading magazines of the country “Noviy Mir” (New World), “Vokrug Sveta” (On the Axis of the World), “Nauka i Jizn” (Science and Life), “Znaniye-Sila” (Science is Power),[21] popularized science[22][23]. For many years he worked as a member of the Editorial Board of the Literary Geographical Almanac “Na Sushe i na More” (On Land and at Sea)[24][25]. in 1983, Muellifin wrote Siberia: XX, in which he discussed the topic of regional production complexes and demographic shifts in the context of the discovery of new territories. His scientific popular book entitled The Century was published[26]. Adjiev has shown that Siberia is a center where issues of production, science and culture, most of which are humanitarian, are intertwined[26]. But, as Adjiev himself wrote,[27] due to the fact that he expressed the great economic mistakes made by the state during the exploration of Siberia, he was put on the “black list” of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union[2]. Nowadays this book is included in the list of works recommended or considered october an additional resource in some universities of Russia[28][29][30][31].

Forced to give up his academic career,[2] Adjiev continued to study the concentration of glaciers and heavy water formed in the depths of Siberian rivers alone[32]. As a result of these researches, the thesis on the concentration of heavy water in nature, in which deuterium deposits that can be used as nuclear fuel are mentioned, was formed[33]. He published the basic ideas of the hypothesis in the scientific journal "Glacial Research"[34] and some other scientific popular journals[32][33] in 1989. The essence of this interesting hypothesis, which has not been “previously explained and scientifically described”[33], has attracted the attention of specialists[35]. After receiving the title of associate Professor, 2. Forced to abandon his doctoral Dissertation studies[3][22][36] Adjiev began working on the Editorial Board of the journal "Vokrug Sveta" in 1989.

Ethnographic Activities

After moving to the magazine “Vokrug Sveta”, Adjiev organized trips and conducted filming as both a coordinator and an employee, and wrote articles about the lives of many unrecognized peoples[2][22]. The heroes of his ethnographic writings were Evens, Yakuts, Talishs, Lezgis, Tabasarans, Karachays, Kumuks and other “disappearing” peoples of the Soviet Union during the Perestroika[22][37].

Adjiev also participates in trips to the “hot” regions in the early 90s, writes articles about wars and military actions in the Caucasus[38]. It is during these periods that Adjiev's interest in new issues that will determine the field of his prominent activities in the coming years awakens. He also becomes interested in the history of the Kumuk people, to whom he belongs, such as the Karachai and Balkar peoples, who are defined as a minority[2][22]. The history of these peoples dates back to the XIX century. it is launched from the XVIII century, from the invasion of the Caucasus. Adjiev dedicates his articles to the study of the ancient past of these peoples[39].

Adjiev reveals the results of his research in the field of Ethnography at the International Symposium on ”Law and Ethnos" in 1991[40]. Adjiev's paper “Issues of Ethnic Identification in the Population Structure of the State of the Soviet Union” on the example of the Kumyks examines the problems of ethnogenesis of the ancient Turks, the geographical boundaries of the Kipchak State, the state structure and culture of the Kipchak State that they are considered to live in[41]. The main idea of this scientific statement is “We – we are from the Polovets lineage! it was the basis of his book ""[42]. The questions posed in this work were not welcome[3], and by order from above, Adjiev's job at the magazine ‘Vokrug Sveta’ was terminated in 1992[3].

Migration of Tribes and Turkology

After leaving the magazine ”Vokrug Sveta", Adjiev continued his research in the country of the Kipchak (Great Steppe, Polovets Steppe) on his own[43]. Adjiev put forward the hypothesis of the Migration of Tribes formed in Altai 2000 years ago, studied the predicted migration stages in the context of time and carried the route of this migration to geographical maps. According to Adjiev, I. as a result of migration and the discovery of new lands in the millennium, the country of Dasht-i Kipchak was established, which includes most of Siberia and modern Russia, from Baikal to the Atlantic[41][44]. Adjiev published the results of his research in 1994 in the book "Polin’ Polovetskogo Polya" (The Lost Nation. In his book Deşt-i Kipchak Civilization), he revealed the genealogy of the Kumuks, Karachays, Balkars, Russian Cossacks, Kazakhs in Kazakhstan, Tatars, Chuvashs, Yakuts, Gagauzs, Crimean Tatars, some Russians and Ukrainians, and explained that these are peoples who have forgotten their origin, which came from the Turkish (Kipchak) root[45].

According to Adjiev's hypothesis, these peoples are the descendants of the people who started the Great Migration of Tribes from Altai 2000 years ago, who explored and inhabited the steppe zone of the Eurasian continent for the following centuries. Hence book 3. As stated in the Summary contained in the edition, Müellif is considered the “official IX of the history of Russia. he considers that it began not in the XIII century, but much earlier[46]. In this work, special attention is paid to Tengricism, the faith of the ancient Turks[47]. His work ”Polin’ Polovetskogo Polya‘ was published under the title ’Murad Adji". This name became the name of the author after leaving the magazine “Vokrug Sveta”. According to Adjiev himself, “I was free as the wind, I took this name, more precisely, I took back the surname ‘Adji’, which our descendants, my grandfather and his great-grandfather bore. I thought that I had the right to use this surname now, and I started working on the book”[48]. The work ”Polin’ Polovetskogo Polya" became the occasion for Adjiev's recognition[49] and reached nine editions in 2015[50]. “Translation Problems” Scientific and Research Laboratory “Polin’ Polovetskogo Polya”, which is part of the “Turkology” studies at Baku Slavyan University, has translated and published the book as the best work in the field of Turkic languages, literatures and history. The translator of this work is the famous Turkologist, linguist Professor Tofik Gadjiev[51][52]. This work is being taught as a textbook at the Faculty of Education of Baku Slavyanka University[53]. Professor Zeynep Bağlan Ozer of Gazi University (today Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University) translated this work into the Turkish language in 2001,[54] and in 2019 the book was expanded to 2. He has translated the edition[55][56].