TURKS AND TURKISH ETMOLOGY

    The first use of the Turkish name, accepted by the scientific community, was recorded in the 1st century by Roman historians named Pomponius Mela and Plinius. The people living in the east of Azov were recorded as Turcae/Tyrcae. The name "Turk" (or Türuk, Török, Törk) is mentioned for the first time in Turkish documents as 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (Türk) or (Kök Türk) in Kül Tigin and Bilge Kagan inscriptions.

In the early periods, the Turkish name emerges as a name that determines political affiliation rather than being a tribal name of a particular society. It is thought that this word is derived from the verb "to-de", from the name "töre" and means derived, moral, legal (lawful). The word has also come to mean strong, strong and beautiful over time. The word Turk, which we also see in the compositions of Türkî-i Çeşm (Beautiful Eye), Türkî-i Çin (beautiful sun), appears especially in Persian and Arabic poems. According to one view, the word Turk is the title of the Ashinaoğulları, who are the dynasty of the Khans, and membership in this dynasty is referred to as Turkishness. The word Turk first becomes the name of a state through the Gokturk State and indicates its affiliation with this state.[66]

There is no universal meaning of the word Turk. Throughout the ages, the word Turk has always been used in a negative sense. The Turkish communities engaged in blacksmithing and reindeer husbandry on the foothills of the Altai mountains were given the meaning of "helmet" (this meaning was used because of the shape of the Altai mountains), "protective barbarians", "slave protectors" by the Juan-Juans[67] to whom they were neighbors and dependents. It was called 'uke. While explaining the word Türk in Divanu Lugati't Türk, Kaşgarlı Mahmud used it in the sense of maturity, immature, that is, primitive. It was expressed by the famous Turcologists Arminius Vambery and Jean Deny in 1879 in the sense of Turkish "descend", that is, "suddenly appearing", "deriving". Turcologist Gerhard Doerfer gave the word Turk the meaning of "subordinate to the state" in the sense used in the Orkhon Inscriptions.

The first uses of the word "Turk" are in Chinese sources and the Chinese use this expression to people who are not their own and who destroyed and plundered the borders of the country.[68] The word Turkish has been used by every foreign and settled nations for centuries; In the Ottoman period, the Ottoman sultans did not call themselves Turks and never called the Anatolian geography "Turkey", as it was used to describe non-resident, nomadic, barbarian, ravaging, destroying, plundering peoples. Moreover, it was Italians, not Turks, who gave the Anatolian region the name of Turkey. No nation in history has given its current name. Every nation is known and famous with the names known by the surrounding nations. This includes the Turks.

They called Ottoman Anatolia "Memalik-i Osmani" (Ottoman's property) or "Diyar-ı Rum" (the land of the Greeks) and called themselves the king of Rome (especially after the Fatih period). While all foreign states refer to Anatolia as Turkey (the homeland of the Turks), the Ottomans are the only Turkish state in history that did not accept this discourse. In any case, the Ottomans always saw the Anatolian Turkmen peoples as slaves and excluded them.

The Göktürks, who are disturbed by the negative use of the term "Turk", are the first community that defines not only their state but also themselves as Turks. The reason for adopting this definition is the desire to eliminate the negative meaning of the word Turk expressed by the surrounding nations. For this reason, Turkish in Orkhon Inscriptions; strong, warrior, shadow of God on earth, faithful.

Atatürk, who closely followed the Iranian independence movements, started the Turkish nationalism movement during the War of Independence period and especially after the Europeans' use of the word "Turk" in the sense of barbarian, looter, looter, nomadic, filthy people, just as it is today. The aim is to explain to the whole world that the Turks are noble, not barbarian, as it has been known for centuries. However, this aim has not been achieved even today. In fact, it was so disturbed that the Turkish History Thesis was revealed and it was claimed that even the Hittites were Turkish, although there was no scientific, realistic and objective evidence. The aim is to break away from Western-sourced Turkish historical narratives. However, although the Turkish history is told by foreigners, when the sources of the history told are examined, the fact that it is based on very scientific and realistic evidence and evidence should not be ignored.

The beginning of Turkish history

The process of nationalization of human communities living in the world begins with their transition from hunter-gatherer to farmer-shepherd. It is thought that the human communities that will form the Turks started sheep breeding in 16000 BC. This date can be accepted as the beginning of the nomadic Turkish culture. With these changes, the Anav culture emerged.

The ancestors of the Turks in Afanasiyevo between 15000 BC and 17000 BC